Ozone-producer.



S. M. KINTNER.

OZONE PRODUCER. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 28, 1905.

920,965, Patented May 11, 1909.

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v ATTCRNEY UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

SAMUEL M. KINTN ER, OF 'PITTSBURG .PENNSYTIVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE ELEC- TRIO & MANUFACTURING COMPANY; A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA,

ozoNE-rBonUcEn.

Specification of Letters'Patent.

Patented May 11, 1909.

Application filed June 28, 1905. Serial 'No. 267,467.

of ,Pit'tsbur in the county of Allegheny and State 0 Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ozone-Producers, ofwhich the following. is a specifi-- cation.

-My invention relates to means for producing electrical discharges, and particularly to means for producing suchelectrical discharges as will eifect the productionv of ozone. y.

The object of my invention is to provide a novel combination and arrangement of circuits and devices whereby the character of electrical discharges may be greatly im-' proved and the amount of ozone that is produced thereby may be increased over what it has' been possiblefto produce heretofore with the same expenditure of energy.

Electrical discharges which occur respectively between pointed and.blunt terminals ,difler both incharacter and result. If a comparatively moderate difierence of potenti'aljexists between pointed terminals, a con- I by 1 adjusting the charge gap.

tinuous, silent discharge will occur between them-andproduce ozone. vA spark discharge occurs between blunt terminals when asufficient difierence of potential isa'pplied thereto to cause rupture of the' 'insulating medium inthe gap and this difference-of potential is ordinarily much'largerthan is required to' cause a continuous,'s1lent discharge between 35 pointed" terminals that ,areseparated by some distance. Nitro enous compounds are produced by s ark discharges.

I have ound, by experiment, that if a condenser, a gap having pointed. terminals and a gap having blunt terminals are arrangedip series circuit (which gaps I shall hereinafter term silent: discharge gap and spark discharge gap, respectively), a more persistent and effective discharge will occur at the-silent discharge gap and a larger amount of ozone-will be produced thereby than would be the 'case if this arrangement.

were not employed; The amount of the QQIltlllllOllS or Sllllt discharge and its efiectlveness as an ozone The silent discharge gap ma be suitably lnclosed, in order to provide or collection producer maybe varied w1dth of the spark dis-' and utilization of theozone,- and the spark discharge gap may be so located as to enable its ready adjustment and should preferably' be removed or "isolatedirom the other gap to prevent contamination of the ozone'with the nitrogenous compounds that are produced by the spark discharge.

The single figure of the accompanying drawing illustrates the circuits diagrammatically as arranged in accordance with my invention. v 1

Alternating current energy may be sup plied from any suitable source, suchas a generator 1, to the primary winding 2 of a 'volta e-raising transformer 3, and connecte in series circuit with thesecondary winding 4 are a condenser 5, a silent discharge gap 6 havin pointed terminals 7 and 8, and a spark discharge gap 9 having spherical or blunt terminals 10 and, 11, the gap 6 being located preferably between the condenser and the spark discharge gap 9. The widths of the gaps may be -ad usted by sliding the rods 12- and 13 in their respective guide posts 14 and 15, or they may be adjusted inany other suitable manner.

Certain advantagesymay be-derived from combination of devlces and the arrangement of the circuits made in accordance with my invention which, so far as I am aware, cannot be derived from other combinations and arrangements, one 1n partlcular bemg the possibility of arranging several of the silent discharge or ozone-producing gaps 6'in par-- when several units or sets of apparatus are to be operated simultaneously. The energy'for the discharges may, be desource of pulsating currents, or any suitable source of" lternating current, and the con denser, the silent discharge :gap and the sparkdischarge gap may be arranged in seriescircuit or in any other suitable relation than that shown, though, asbefor stated, :I prefer to' arrange them with the silent dischar e gap between'the condenser and the spar discharge gap. It will also readily be understood that the terminals of the gaps may assume other forms thanthose shown and described so long as the character of the form of the terminals. For instance, one of the terminals of the gap 6 may be a plate or a plane surface and the other terminal be pointed.

In the operation of my invention, thewidth of the spark discharge gap 9'is so adjusted that the sparks will occur between the terminals 10 and 11 in rapid succession,

and the Width of the silent discharge gap 6- is then so adjusted that the maximum judged from the glowing of the terminals I in a dark room and from the amount of ozone produced, such discharges are greater in amount than I have been able to obtain phenomenon, I believe that the discharges tion, of means for adjusting the widths of the discharge gaps.

3. The combination of a source of alternating or pulsating current, a condenser, a

discharge gap having one or more pointed terminals, and a discharge gap having blunt terminals all arranged in series circuit relation, of means for adjusting the Widths of the gaps.

5. The combination with a source of alterinating or pulsating current, of a circuit lsupplied from said source having a conwithout the employment of a spark discharge gap such asthat at 9. .lVhile I am unable to offer a conclusive reason for this at the spark gap 9 cause disturbances or os- E cillations in the secondary circuit of the transformer of materially higher frequency of alternation than that of the current in the primary circuit. I believe also that these oscillations do not occur through the impedance of the transformer winding, but that the transformer acts as a condenser.

As before stated, the spark discharge gap may be so inclosed and located as to enable most economical collection and utilization of the ozone produced, and if it is desired to prevent contamination of the ozone, the two spark gaps should be sufliciently removed or isolated from each other to prevent the nitrogenous products of the spark discharge from mixing with the ozone and oxygen compound.

If the ozone be employed in the tion of Water, any suitable means for bringing it into intimate contact with the water and its impurities, such as means for causing the ozone to bubble up through the water, may be employed. a

I claim as my invention: a

1. The combination of a source of alternating or pulsating current, a condenser, a single spark gap and a silent" discharge gap connected in series relation.

2. The combination with a source of 'alternating or pulsating current, a condenser,

a single spark discharge gap and a silent discharge gap all connected in series reladenser, a discharge gap provided with pointed terminals, and a discharge gap provided with blunt terminals.

6. The combination of a transformer winding, a condenser, a silent discharge gap and a spark discharge gap all arranged 1n series relation.

7. The combination of a transformer winding, a silent discharge gap, spark discharge gap, and a condenser all arranged in series relation, the condenser being of suflicient capacity to prevent spark discharges at the silent discharge gap.

8. The combination of a source of fluctuating current, a condenser, a single spark gap, and a silent discharge gap connected in series relation, the silent discharge gap being'located in the circuit between the condenser and the spark gap.

9. The combination of a source of fluctuating current, a condenser, a single spark gap, and an ozone producing device all arranged in series relation.

10. The combination of a source offluctuating current, a condenser, a single s ark gap, and an ozone producing device al arranged in series relation, the ozone producing device being located inthe circuit be- SAMU L M. KINTNER.

' Witnesses:

Orro S. ScHAInER, BIRNEY HINES. 

